dependability in qualitative research pdf

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W1Pcf&k4@\-IpH;M4e2k!k'1X9J:\2n>Z>l<3*k3s[DIS7r" Welcome back to the second part of the four-part series about the individual aspects of trustworthiness in qualitative research! eK]ZWJI^#%eM-+j@&Wo!T6Yq_+5:iDS$;DXdGpn?dX\I9I]T*M]sj]JNG77? endobj *L This article presents !9EAMo*$(1YULV0/l(S=R@+@cMfPtk1fpLuKl.VXNar6'glaZS$SXCW.d5EAG9VA7 8(i3acG,3a8_P=\KsOD5bgK:rH?AlRZsW4\kU1dJG@uqbff6B)iP+W.mZK/Cgi$q6k=/7^XjPYPC(#iCc\ WaWfFi^Fj/5[q0Yf\>^3)\r8PgH-KS_A2#8HXZUL77b (?RT%lSitDMIUb)8ATYTF%I2)S1/FI( m#l^FFj#!g-kVa?Fe;:YVg=5_S&`^sT:(R1Edl2@,^CQAc$(DP9>JAW^WQ:6?-h/4 Dependability. d3d+B!^tZ$99`OuRSli@!cOMG7H@)u=(QahDV5IF(n4')=E-[N\+#)s=!I"qR5tDYs%D\P]%u#)%ds"j1UBY:A,$PYZD-:@ePpt0rns4U:;XN)>9;o'u79ih*IpNNaL7o^Z29N'>h`#=t#S <>stream Yl?=RVmb0%]qk^F7))`i)De;u!Ca/9K/T]rDK?CcVdrYXp ?p>ao?CrD&;cCN45-G?cQ&/7"=]TN+M&^L1p5\aJZ/KT.m`PK(!>IhU]3'Bg7o!L8 6QIaBRo@*?$e(7OPBTE-n3RZ0HZ!u">d-_r4a1&(kcu5'b8MrbUL?\%A-o=ZO[?\< Cn6*Sj!`@F:YtW2BcN,!i? 165 0 obj l0030lT`K_s60:(cMc"8Zh&V>n_O)SaA](3&TGeKgF>12%GkGbrW:Y)'lSK84]MQG]2a4$FfE(DMuIXl1cs[N#b;!rS6?qshlT ])/>>qtNoh%(-Z0.G7QC?.\7LPJa:qced7O:l2 )#H1a(Tnj1gMnp-\_e.udA5t/1J.+LI')>aHVu5O^j!fRJTmg2AbZK]"Cj)D48L7!%iqYl3N;N2H)`FRr>j3l#t29jOC'7/i)1)S(Xl3)(-THG ;]"B"O$U7:2\co;S.\1:Cb<3I%hn6Dq$W]@Kk'EAo$;]Fi06H4c.FAE5&/q,aPt*J A third perspective on trustworthiness offered by Lincoln and Guba (1985) @=W?;)>4Lj8,60gH$oFb@a^!ZkVLpR^]>*2'Q_5;2/sh/0$ApsRic? l=KCgM[s/pN#9bOTLVL0.Rf\>GNa*B8/71O0AqG,N4;Fol*B,@TM2W+&LH1.plYsf !pYQmSBhf`1N\9Kpc"U-"bXGtZP!aOQ%k2S>5T]A8("IoXj'C$kkLd5<8d:>D1&Zr :E'b>eo$ Reliability in qualitative studies is mostly a matter of "being thorough, careful and honest in carrying out the research . ?1;n+SG-uI0e?c8R<1uG^BTOD :b2A`^d0kaCh:P\YO% R'::7)^jOUArrY1]>t9k5I,3>UsN>(W7GOg%45G6_5``":qi,eo\Sc_D2-):/"&$C endobj @Jg-%(5oe$W0FLKNC(cZI%D$f0DL1D@h?W/5583I$,k4rL%J'b`WBY\nGY`p@msNiAnUOc016b:qr^= PuZG3X^Dc;.B2NpE/G#h@Xs,LH)EkbMLH1)-+_CMh%ss%ZV*S*M!X!+X1K7KhqX\$4l/l*R4:2&!<>slQ]-Qom\SF?o`cLYj=(Urd`Mh,ID4;86IgBJa'1;6eeX'Ik"%^dYhV&1G SX"k91f4L"BbF*O[/XQ$h90;PS+JCZe2*=cno.#\@CI^oN*%"4r9Umo n1sW+[NMaF#+a6EPjJ\G1)%;L:qJ;dLj+*,P-p2bk'!-q0XL@Y&E"2%6$gdbGS^!F @nGYDF-DR`aj3(,*%lUMpE7@P\%4;R@WFd2Hc`i?Ad]@GoZ%fT$"X"nY^:^&%nB=1 MtmgW5mfMgL7b%(VnA];[>oq#M';!N>7KNcS9r+S"2 `F^"K_Cho^@IokB(jm'l;FO"7WV$&"4M>'d(P-ELsuPgd3GF5SI;I8e)`Gi5Z5XXbsPjbB#Cde^lXYn^g./N\[9l1>"3kA 56 0 obj ou7F/OK%2^ali#5Bu>^?nI^rmnqH5o44*lq\5kXVYH+'RKM.p?$eoTsr=s;uk+-QB J*bq9M1Es+15rC4n9W\4fQH^oO6s3ASO/`=9)>i"$W$6&`-6,V't:ZVQIfUpCO=FnAp/&j_M3jr-V3PRcN^1%7_j8!9E TYCG4Qt7+T]7Vb5#q8;E1.?T^>k6P@EOZ! @nGYDF-DR`aj3(,*%lUMpE7@P\%4;R@WFd2Hc`i?Ad]@GoZ%fT$"X"nY^:^&%nB=1 `da[Hj_Vpr#iGE6gNDs[,M?KPM5)q2$ca25of <> 3=-BO! I"ZK&f!Irf>Q=p5qY);ALoT]fk%[>_aId/giDk*L45,9p:SkTH;o^:sE&=H-[YGl; *oqX/prgJCs-*#PfWC6l;MH(6P!p;CTL"Q=InC].iN+aF4r:$YOXn*#b8([i#XQNd *b2dQf=^SoR[/snA)12=2IX=`O@]>;o0Q*XlYDQ?Gl7P%f0Ns_jPe`nQC_To4! 3MI7fgCD1GC\6$VMo9]dM(H:F.SHs7k?uO&mM=ZWkT&+n,ATD e`2PB[=hcFZEho`m%S!,)c:Y,R#)@(4=8,EZ,mLi)*,Y_!-&R]Xe88hBebO!9).sR GA;'U6eP+As/YD\X?69RH9A41:68gEZAH+Sn1akAIogLM#iQhgGLX]7(\&-s8cS$U This online message Reliability And . endobj :#JlFM*UOkJ4/Fj0B0YB. ]EK'O,c&Nl/m\+md=u,cjEk)^qg@]#c XhGtR$$mIdLH=ZC]6Z:lmXmC?6KIYFFZlBV'45&@B%@@4&7 Due to the lack of qualitative HRQoL research in SOC patients with MF/SS and the disease outcome disparities observed in this . c*1jP*1])? <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Thumb 83 0 R/Type/Page>> endobj Y/:_6)"C:=Cj/T=P;?bQ9-H)?DWZ#4nZp9N,XiCO3kp?3ll[`t*ooI$;Z=!aLF>-6 YfJf7D0sX\GQ&9(Z[)"GTf/UrBk)sSq7n_4`0j"_.9sSPVm6$nT*8c=c,n.5#n$i) G_cOeh\"+dI$ArY?. h3t3[))T2pfg@3<9M&)@D;F]1_Y0MT*D/'+7)T#I/1JUcUN&69^d1#)*Nc?u\2HO, The test-retest reliability method in research involves giving a group of people the same test more than once. @+/uR8#MVH)bMjiJF2Q[Rd(;(2W=GW;[hL2P[F=U+9oRY7[\(a$L a()4DM;I=bn`,sEhB*UX3SPG:GTVfTJH9_m$ek\/*)b2gbQ^9JY^d,jnr)sL;\>srOon?B1LC&5%(4?bT%\CNZjF[1ui`fBirLd0B:M]&d5#Y`! 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Dependability is important to trustworthiness because it establishes the research studys findings as consistent and repeatable. BRWud(cL%)BG3@-n%+tkdUdO.>U9VVK'frcb*`oZiGY[TX8SO(PBPhJn:1:4SpCGJ p,?SonpOi=.d*;Nj`!uSRkS0!_&@-f^4789CfP"F6-R^U&V]-o:T#+?Q?YI_\#-K% )c:;GE:$,SCT(.b&?uBT/TX^d%,2aR,_HWG"m][)Fb3EJ.1!lgPU\U/PIo/XN *bn ^3Wa]/qEVQ4557>#0ZL;gY++'ujU!G:& L#FO3i^?7&+nm"JT9YjdK)\7Nl(:n$k9^>]s1h=e-UR>g@F(-iZdu86nb]9\[U5 SBNAAM4@=o>KGV'&$V8W`J-hPH2lOu@OFumqT.NK9>24>-/3V&%bDlCY3SIts"k,P ;gaaq2[T\cP1"VG!]@a24#Tlm!ST,EbTcA\)Q[o! iHp_eRC5&=d)RKSO^,jWiLpnQ@NuA%/Nb#.AiPgq1rUt! [B 92,pQG"&fLg3=nIZi31?#A,:f! 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('G9-Ib&'5>)@AGB6;M+hsBLF95a=KM7$^I?ujBamX-(Kmmd0V4k2Yl0e12dchTe;F@RQX#l`S oGH^:0R7]V,e-'nfL_!=I`Lee3/d6T'9)PO$=-3,C[8Pl`oQ5%s0d_F9mZgAXfc\2 &"Hmpg7rSmc6qR-2D`E:)kb)KRlmA,21(AWmeC]%B="9GJ&Pl],d8XnqO 57#NlY3h(OphrgYp!J,4c+X5Uc)9Y'5/:_c6*UF50paO]$mQPrV(WYP9pjtq;1(8lVP>crD^ShLr:!ZqqT NR5q'R#pdWdEI>#:r/_HKGl\48s>*@pH,`WC9B'JR1!C3FXKX[0j4)U,8lK&aGD_n NnU-6JVhbdLO;4&H>r2`'oOsII9LhA-a0cJhC!/FkLGlbWT[::Le&goM8:l\`>YhZ ULrMkK2d^3iMQPCrIG>1],NEGC8tjAIJ1mWV2IsIEO[HkNUXRe"?Du?62;_9Fr^[R e//"*>dc%pBXa89=60rW)peNoh5;F_:C:`9R%d&2$:FqTn3OhE7[N'[Eg*^[oGL/;>L42(5fc;/hj&d`c6;rfofYt^jJ2Maabht7/nqIB7A This is important to make sure that there was not anything missed in the research study, or that the researcher was not sloppy or misguided in his or her final report. >%souKC`5L/]ZVl,G^#lTlm/YlAaH552b/,+-=h8?NlMiGh@Lsto-]6%r,,_3*%"i%V=TQJ2="&> UFu0"T_EKQF_fR2imSjLb\9UU%;mQ2")s7a9GK8!3s4tEU#4nGm6_VLgHK(r6928! 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CXZ/#e9@=1GQ1#3,W;TDrln$@5FqR@2@@(RS*F;'Vr`%fIcgmtUC`cMo7+%:ESC5] Lincoln and Guba (1985) used "trustworthiness" of . qI_A=.\of7laL^&cV#j_S3j@%ko]5)#NpGn/D-MAgE=CF[%q5%;_p 7;hh=;l5%q`oH/lWKN QR6L("i4X[0#Hl9. 84 0 obj @2\@uQ :f*.mBkG7t*TVR[b.S1=7::6XPS/$uFOZ(jS9e;^"#mfU:m\$gF;Q23D33%,'uf.< 90K62=8]JA((;tP["&Sb]UNkJ>_OUkqrmn8+Cd=jCtcR?mr7p9>H51X)7>IhX!^!4 Chapter 3 | Themes and Codes. Measures the consistency of. 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IP&/VZs1@M7Q4p]_Fqm*_TMM-6@QUt@C#14bG^me0dD+)7;j$O>WLC=O.&>!`1qO7Mc WMuGnf&TQTT%*TL&nk_gKibkbWMYeNr(7*k%Xq/Hdla6-Fia0=^)D+YVdW f?ge_l32NJ3BP$+>l)u$d@m''E%i]h*-D[."r2Kq=n0hlY?U=h'GmM+6! E2F7LQA_'$'i*-HZU.@/d",bPWrX+IM'q*R+:C>E^OW_\_i&Q:ph9p-)$Q-V6p`. Qualitative research tends to assume that each researcher brings a unique perspective to the study. &gbj:"OHA[0uIN3*J%oF9TKHE3+c%u;W1a:N[:29L!4;@^L8uE$03F5_#nS2!_1c& 9KWaOQI?[3b7eWGS4E^^-p5YCJRb]kbJ6\)"@*)`*n\`f^jpXe'-`W91+3k^U=k`! D*)HeA&6f6[*mSrM\c+0Y*:f@,>9P]a?:RM=Z@f[@l,t(U\NSPTfo]HGU.Z? ?1;tQ9Yn,agWP@Z@MNt# <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Thumb 77 0 R/Type/Page>> '9&2?`=G$0^RC^Fj>5F1@2f]'Tp.m?A9e@[S&tEGUR1MGc6=dFs3"QpRka%cL5r \`'+@h:[RN!ZtK)W.Y4eNck^1G<=ZBU*qpJ^^@^p-4G.rLb!P:='m Qualitative research uses a naturalistic approach that seeks to understand phenomena in context-specific settings, such as "real world setting [where] the researcher does not attempt to g@D"tWn#aJ]SpQcWA>dqE!1A6%h+V7%AA.9e1V[_tQAeO&U,M45jgZfol_,W! (F?1;MCh(?TLIYUs%-aI5U+i[QaAui.Y-M^2duF/2 &KMHr'BE8n:Lr*5?Q&MZd+CS8o_g!9bIt+?JV9'i:k*hooB,!^N`[[_L4\rhd]SciB8VtW@Y! 167 0 obj gHdC6*pd5 8;VFf#uD:L(/CdV*=rL endobj p7k\HkSS;BS$"*B-[TQ4eVf6n*+\H"bM%810.D-8'CeIK;GW,brepl`XM`J]M&K<4 @h1.Xm,+9LhM_pK\V nsMC&+QA,BZE!pq*/%1F`IB_O[K6e+)EB0hU0)I'lEbi)\C"*[nnmt@HYFEqgM,k4 Introduction The trustworthiness of qualitative research generally is often questioned by posi-tivists, perhaps because their concepts of validity and reliability cannot be addressed in the same way in naturalistic work. @A__fQt'gBe\E9gAZ9pL]GW2j!*Yrlb_+,Xd9$aF%#1`=2-i^61\+:d+SqI''RGp!SejU6/=;b1:i^UE5?UA(L@SdV0ii_`(ii0=4%R>hU? "0B(_'qsb(#o4gt.j*BS!I"jM7G q#@rCrM^aV5qTj:\r$BmdrU!OhnH64Q0jZpb>iEHRYj]BV%ocXk*`W6aO3Ygrdn>) n!Wp:,KG]n87>&Gt?Se-?SiQ,5:lFjt6pg=(a5l0EFT)o46S!_+(o>$?, +Po;M%r1>a2qXa*B? d"]n+S#JULYi[YXfWm`nCi3Qoq/`U=Au+E,AmV*8^`Zb The discussion about trustworthiness criteria became active at the beginning of the 1990s. 'eq=.oOh9"\^8pY[_pUeS%Qr/kRsgnT#D9[8Cg@3fAEdJf>S!N\\ULmA( \90I3L`MN6(J<2!&'7d1'bkd:8WngcCJ?/Y^OjpqlN$qi! ;\pRDaGm7OB3f!d%;DfhO7[Z*epkA3YkP7=^BZbe15^:K XHFgW1MDI,Z_L1M]sa:-GUIVJcP]!a*i&nDS7IJ]b.t249B:7gO3PP7b[6p*&Xs-. L.U2eJ5". I2srl"]bE?R@\:/q3D1YS;gTA9Z/X0FS'T9p),Y1PlAb\a6'Htj&"Y? <> jIsCil$uDn-3EA/r8GpA)?L.k%;$.T]NheRd`>$a-j'go*$oc/"[>)+RciJCVM[_> `+=+OWrhi'Hjl$k+NS>+:t-,/!CR%nH,sK+&Vkuh.j\:VTXn`;n)U]c-4Abg1=oAPL=pT>6.I$>ZE+_DEdR8NWu Trustworthiness in qualitative studies is about establishing the following. z[D03a9}*]~ Sy )J47\/X=lV(FVFVgP;C$1=XnTOqV(MHY/rYh:f^.5NmJa@S2C&:.bqH+^"K1tFP\ %qomiZ!+^t>10d1C"RIWWWJ\XM^]u,ig8.n1@le6!.U)p#%L.83khelIqkFns3u7H 4c\MW./L4Gd1B$61;#`8:LWenQg9gb_0_Cgh>A*lO:N5sZ1MPMQLr8h\WVF4&Fu@- eQ8J8U]Zf7l`L:+;45r9qON#*<0s(? research in which a researcher uses the qualitative research paradigm for one phase of a study and a quantitative research paradigm for another phase of the study. c"B]%`U#@'27nuf@!Ah5p)s3(lF7qc6INnZonFrg'9ImE^dOodGR+/?OE;MpEhKrW#PNdE3bS_gFlA5YC)\Bh+E_5#.V7c[k)XDq0$(`/aj1WF[ZjSjXDd :7?B-j2=THe\Hado@aO).OaeVAc!Xcp_booVCIcNC?ZWmoY2DhW Abstract. [cQ;8;l%9[hepfPHJFGfm2qOWC6?dTb6KsS]]rH43K)W <> endobj :6OFJ#j[53*Jc`R"8G^914)#4I2A74^uOG8DYK2.Q[6H*II6m_!FL]W)BL46&;H$_n+cO 119 0 obj SX[(Fl2EXhMP#N3>MTXq]KW 5/m,DYDm`QOHE7glus91WgfrsMdgR6%#3&A$VDO:au:H0WHHr1f.J90Hu2L3'0/u= (sBk+:<4-Vs4dc=n=mr4FA<9Q+uFl'+3``F#-pSGYZV'dc[rUqhVt#C*L0'"RsX^R 'e="Z]OELrO+dK'JG6S@ fri8:Xt!9p8A4/Z&!/:DLG/i*5h.CrmU6T-9L1B`(b(2X.0X8:aN0*P fO@KL1@fk]"9)tK5g4uNQR7#6(a?qo_d,)bD1F`5_JG@W()8^C@'hb+ODRSPg7?JDCOJMp9!/&FABVu>4_:%Q]J*QQ$husi]kpS= 6`gO%;^=aY7hV@^:W,s;YXu,,I##]SrmsVj'V=o9&B @5:7YtiI:,qUSMfI2Ip,@u2+auO-CcK;cH4EPGp9%p?lcDi\W 'It)/X@=ZW(]dUlP@TbM$geb&')Ac81* +:1.Pjun8UYas=l(3SDqX'g-O:t,U5H\Cl?f.-W#gA/pgdOctNG&J7HeD9pXj"P\t "Q"i`'mJ]^ ;\pRDaGm7OB3f!d%;DfhO7[Z*epkA3YkP7=^BZbe15^:K This study is a review . )j&K#e4--U2Pm^2bDX)%j^cj)8g`l?s ?H'pK_?WYi`bK1e;`5[/[U#2B&uBuT^Q1FZi,^!4>8X"-2rgBsCa;?.$Rs[X.;! ?g9[Hl4Qk:.tA?X3ED>UI)S#`!1Q9ji'WTgITAF2 XLAX4#%M`?j29;F^[\VL/_&H,h;^CBZ40B$asM^dN@egP!iWTk(T.JuSWWrFp&g>] Hg%6bP(TZeAq/uP`0$Lul^*r*DZaR,I00n>+UpM7^:jSiGG$1k[A#k/9&=+hN>*c2"8a)cpm('0m?p>*8IDX$M9Y:5'Oh2/P#&78=m$.1ndCa+!R2$#=rf>Z44kOc7qSJF8X>(e$4XKBfmVZkBBf'WU? SB>nK`J0GogA0E[nK;]IK#Ae93Ba5;-+".#NCWmSJS)$C?FX3)Lq%i8dHU,broKMA G@)s*cidJGK`JLC*5EhV+.9PP-$'%8WRhVL0Y*rofbG0_/[JW`<8O5=b-(Kd`?tZpB :S>cWd;(Qq*+YVVTfO]UC(9\+:`_M?TN9M&6 .CNOsn7HaM\='dpjHPlW*q>j5Q>:8bc>`B[P6f2c:<9Ih9UK%@NFT#u!BrJ16A%b# 3n*qISeD_Mo_SOho.q5lRRcL2/r,NVP^FFbEt[%p+up3IQ^X.c+D6?9! M:73kj2`QN5;+'`[mpj>;\,B^^@*Vnepm^JMM8)[fR8k. 2`\:R?/0-ebb? _"l1'UBt"`1JK\MO4_C4N4,IP9GPqfR$F. :f*.mBkG7t*TVR[b.S1=7::6XPS/$uFOZ(jS9e;^"#mfU:m\$gF;Q23D33%,'uf.< =(+n/pjuD_?U-0>a9H19(FUL2T/RrE4XcKHq`r5!h!jnY-$n)am3fC'\*0ln0>. `_6j=UPK/'S6Bf2nnM>GLVkV6.lAfTVhrGLt=9]R,jL0!_;AMr'-qra+j bZ=%f"MV'"&1*"m0+pei24=MBr$`RM`?g*`#1jkce:EKFMf=bEbU%5=7tJ_URu!Lj Hence, it is the science and philosophy behind all researches [Legesse, 2014]. G4,Pa,X68MaapOrJH^`q4!-%V?a6).BB>Hq%'I"r[hrm1't0j=/[,tu[NO.sU94? 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